Non-alignment revisited: Nigeria’s foreign policy between global power blocs

Abstract

Abstract

The paper investigates Nigeria’s foreign policy between global power blocs by revisiting non-alignment. It employed in this research is qualitative, descriptive, and analytical, with the focus being on investigating the foreign policies of Nigeria within the context of contemporary global political realities, involving multipolarity. The theoretical framework was anchored on the Neo-Non-Alignment Strategic Hedging Theory, which is a contemporary concept that seeks an updated form of traditional non-alignment notions, taking into consideration the realities of our contemporary world environment of multiple centres of power and multiple alliances and strategic blocs and rising powers. The study found that during the period when Nigeria remained non-aligned in the context of the Cold War, in reality, elements of Nigeria’s foreign policy decisions were strategically driven. The key insights suggest that Nigeria's non-aligned foreign policy reflected ideals of stronger nation-state leadership in Africa and of seeking alliances in economic and military relations. The study recommended that in order for Nigeria to rebuild its posture of non-alignment for the 21st century, there is a need to develop a strategic balancing that will weigh engagement with diverse global powers without compromising national sovereignty and freedom of decision-making. Also, comprehensive and impactful institutional changes would greatly enhance the capabilities and efficiency of the country's foreign institutions and foreign policy.